Biomarker-Based PK/PD Modeling
Learn how biomarkers can be incorporated into PK/PD models to connect drug exposure with pharmacologic response, characterize indirect effects, quantify biomarker dynamics, and support dose-response interpretation.
Biomarker Surrogacy in Model-Based Drug Development
Learn how biomarkers can serve as surrogate endpoints in model-based drug development, including causal pathways, treatment effects, validation, longitudinal models, mediation, and the limitations of surrogate biomarkers.
Biomarker Production and Loss Models
Learn how production and loss models describe pharmacodynamic biomarkers over time, including turnover rates, baseline levels, drug effects, time delays, and PK/PD applications.
Binding Kinetics in PK/PD Models
Learn how binding kinetics connects drug concentration to target binding and pharmacologic effect, including kon, koff, KD, receptor occupancy, turnover, quasi-equilibrium, and mechanistic PK/PD models.
Baseline Response Models
An introduction to baseline response models in pharmacodynamics, including baseline response, direct and indirect effects, Emax models, placebo effects, turnover models, and how baseline variability is incorporated into PK/PD analyses.
Active Metabolite Models
Learn how active metabolite PK and PK/PD models describe parent drug, metabolite formation, metabolite disposition, and pharmacologic effects when both parent drug and metabolite contribute to activity.