Topic: The Estimand Framework and Intercurrent Events

Worked Estimand Analysis for a Rescue-Therapy Trial

While-on-Treatment Estimands

Why Different Estimands Give Different Answers

Worked Estimand Analysis for a Discontinuation Trial

Treatment-Policy Estimands

Treatment Switching and Subsequent Therapy

Translating Protocol Language Into Estimands

The Five Attributes of a Trial Estimand

Rescue Medication as an Intercurrent Event in Missing-Data Models

Principal-Stratum Interpretation and Identification